The Law on Paternity & Maternity Leave

When it comes to the laws applicable to Paternity and Maternity leave there seems to be some confusion among many of the employed people in the United Kingdom. Many are unaware of the time they are allowed if they are a new father and likewise many new mothers come back to work earlier than is necessary because the laws have not been explained to them properly by their employers.

I Am an Expectant Mother - How Much Maternity Leave Can I Have?

All employees regardless of their length of service with a company or organisation are entitled - by law - to fifty-two weeks maternity leave. Maternity leave is worked out at twenty-six weeks Ordinary Maternity Leave (OML) and twenty-six weeks Additional Maternity Leave (AML).

The rate at which you are paid for your maternity leave is dependent on a number of factors including length of service and your rates of pay at the time of taking maternity leave.

What Happens If My Pregnancy Forces Me to Take Earlier Maternity Leave?

If you are ill as a result of your pregnancy you may - according to the law - begin your maternity leave up to four weeks before it is due to start. You cannot however take maternity leave at any time prior to that unless you are unable to attend work as the result of a medical condition.

When Should I Notify My Employer That I Am Pregnant?

This should be done really as soon as you know to allow your employer to make the appropriate arrangements to cover the time you will be away from work. You will be asked to present your employer with a maternity certificate (form MAT B1) which is given to you by either your midwife or your doctor.

You should make every attempt to inform your employer of your pregnancy and have done so before the fifteenth week prior to the baby being born at which time your employer will have twenty-eight days to reply to you and inform you as to what entitlements you have.

Keeping in Touch Days

You may - during your maternity leave - work for up to ten days at your normal rate of pay; providing your employer is happy for you to do so. This is so that you are kept appraised of any changes in working practices and protocol and also so that you can be kept up to speed with any changes in staffing etc.

Maternity leave is quite common in the workplace - more so than Paternity leave - but the law now states that a new father may have time off as well to spend with his newborn.

Paternity Leave

Employees who have been with their employer for more than a minimum qualifying period are likely to be entitled to statutory paid paternity leave if they are:

• The biological father of the child
• The husband or partner of the child's mother
• Adopting the child, or the husband or partner of the child's adopter.

The rules apply equally to same-sex couples BUT in any case the person seeking paternity leave must be taking time off to care for the child and /or support the mother. To qualify for paid paternity leave employees must also earn at least the amount at which National Insurance contributions become payable. Employees may take one or two weeks' paternity leave which can start at any time after the baby is born or on a particular date after the first day of the week in which the baby is expected. However, paternity leave must usually finish within 56 days of the baby's birth. Regardless of how long is taken, statutory paternity leave must be taken as one continuous block and cannot be split up into odd days.

Some companies may offer additional or different terms for paternity leave. An employee is entitled to choose statutory paternity leave over the terms offered by their employer if they find it preferable. The entitlement to paternity leave does not apply to those who are self-employed or who are defined as workers.

For further information you should speak to your Human Resources manager or contact your local Citizen's Advice Bureau or DWP (Department of Work and Pensions) office.